Gun Law Update: SCOTUS Rulings, ATF Rules June 2026
The Supreme Court is expected to issue rulings in two major Second Amendment cases before the end of June 2026, while several ATF regulatory changes from April and May continue to reshape the landscape for gun owners and licensed dealers. Here is what you need to know heading into this week.
Today’s Headlines
- SCOTUS Rulings Imminent — Wolford v. Lopez & U.S. v. Hemani: The Supreme Court is expected to decide before the end of June whether states can ban concealed carry in private businesses by default, and whether the federal prohibition on firearm possession by habitual drug users is constitutional. Source: theconversation.com
- ATF Narrows “Unlawful Drug User” Prohibition Definition: An ATF interim final rule now requires active impairment at the time of possession, a conviction within the prior 12 months, or clinical evidence of dependence within 12 months before the drug-user firearm prohibition applies — the public comment window closes June 30, 2026. Source: gunsandgadgetsdaily.com
- ATF Form 4473 Overhaul Proposed: ATF is seeking public comment on a comprehensive revision to the Firearms Transaction Record, including reorganized sections, revised eligibility attestations, and changes to how identification and demographic fields are handled. Source: fflguard.com
- ATF eZ Check Rule — FFL-to-FFL Transfers Simplified: A direct final rule now allows FFLs to verify a receiving dealer’s license through ATF’s online eZ Check system, eliminating the previous requirement to obtain and retain a certified paper copy of the transferee’s license. Source: atf.gov
- L.A. Handgun Rationing Law Challenged in Federal Court: A Second Amendment lawsuit filed June 3, 2026 challenges Los Angeles and Inglewood’s one-handgun-per-30-days purchase limit; the law remains in effect while the case proceeds in the Central District of California. Source: thegunmag.com
What This Means for Gun Owners
The imminent SCOTUS decisions in Wolford and Hemani could directly affect where permit holders may carry and who is legally barred from possessing a firearm. The ATF’s narrowed drug-user definition and the proposed Form 4473 revisions are both still in comment periods, meaning neither is fully final yet. The eZ Check rule is already in effect and reduces paperwork delays for dealer-to-dealer transfers. California buyers in Los Angeles or Inglewood remain subject to the one-handgun-per-month rule until a court rules otherwise.
Key Dates to Watch
- June 30, 2026: Public comment deadline — ATF interim final rule narrowing “unlawful drug user” firearm prohibition
- Late June 2026: Expected SCOTUS decisions in Wolford v. Lopez and U.S. v. Hemani
- July 7, 2026: Public comment deadline — ATF proposed Form 4473 revision (paperwork notice)
- August 6, 2026: Public comment deadline — ATF proposed Form 4473 regulatory rule and NOTC remote transfer rule
Sources
- theconversation.com — SCOTUS Second Amendment Cases 2026
- fflguard.com — ATF Proposed Form 4473 Revision
- gunsandgadgetsdaily.com — ATF Unlawful Drug User Rule
- atf.gov — ATF eZ Check Direct Final Rule
- thegunmag.com — L.A. Handgun Rationing Lawsuit
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